Japanese encephalitis
Vaccination is mandatory for outbreak prevention. There is a live vaccine (IMOJEV) and inactivated vaccines.
Transmission
Culex mosquitoes (mainly Culex tritaeniorhynchus) transmit the virus from pigs and birds to people.
Symptoms
High fever of 39–40°C, vomiting, severe headache, seizures, body rigidity, deep coma, autonomic disturbances.
Complications
Death in 20–30%; 50% of survivors have severe neurological after-effects: spastic paralysis, behavioural disorders, epilepsy, intellectual disability.
People at high risk
Children under 15, unvaccinated adults going to rural rice-growing areas.